Optimal Product Bundling with Dependent Valuations: The Price of Independence
Publication Date
12-1-2016
Description
In this paper we investigate the tactical problem of pricing a bundle of products when the underlying valuations of the bundle components are dependent. We use copula theory to model the joint density of reservation prices and provide analytical derivations for the prices under different bundling strategies and sharp bounds for the profit function. We discover that when only the bundle is offered and the marginal costs are relatively small, the seller is better off by bundling products that have a negative association between their valuations, while the converse is true when the marginal costs are relatively high. We also show that the net benefit of offering a full product line containing both the bundle and the components decreases for mild to strong associations between the component valuations, compared to offering just the bundle. Finally, we analyze how the typical literature assumption of independence of reservation prices impacts the seller’s profitability when in fact the valuations are dependent, and find that this gap in profitability, which we call the “price of independence”, can be arbitrarily large.
Journal
European Journal of Operational Research
Volume
255
Issue
2
First Page
481
Last Page
495
Department
Markets, Innovation & Design
Link to Published Version
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221716303423
DOI
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejor.2016.05.022
Recommended Citation
Banciu, Mihai and Odegaard, Fredrik. "Optimal Product Bundling with Dependent Valuations: The Price of Independence." European Journal of Operational Research (2016) : 481-495.